Auditory

Deaf

Persona: Angela

Angela, 34, Black, rents an apartment with her partner. Works remotely as a UX researcher and uses ASL as her primary language.

About This Condition

Deaf users rely on sign-language interpreters, captions, transcripts, and visual alerts to access information that hearing users receive passively and automatically. Audio content without a visual equivalent is simply inaccessible, including for those who identify as part of the Deaf community.

Digital Challenges

Videos without captions, audio alerts without visual equivalents, and voice-only verification steps exclude Deaf users completely. Meeting transcripts that are unavailable or delayed remove access to real-time information. When critical product information is delivered through audio alone, there is no workaround. The content is inaccessible, not the user.

Assistive Technologies

  • Captions and subtitles
  • sign language interpretation tools
  • visual alert systems

Design Considerations

Never rely on audio alone. Every alert, confirmation, and notification needs a persistent visual equivalent. Ensure all video content has synchronized captions and a downloadable transcript. Visual alerts should appear inline, not just as sound.

Clinical Examples

Congenital deafness, sensorineural hearing loss, Usher syndrome